Overview
Dots and Boxes is a classic pencil-and-paper game where players take turns connecting dots to form squares. The player who completes the fourth side of a square claims it and takes another turn, leading to strategic chain captures.
History
Dots and Boxes was first published in the 19th century by French mathematician Edouard Lucas. Despite simple rules, optimal play requires complex combinatorial analysis.
Around the world
- Boxes
- Squares
- Paddocks
Strategy
In the opening, avoid completing three sides of any box (setting up your opponent).
Create 'chains' of three-sided boxes to capture in sequence.
When forced to open a chain, give away the shortest chain possible.
Learn the 'double-cross' strategy
Sacrificing two boxes to gain a longer chain.
Count chains and boxes to determine optimal sacrifice points.
Control the parity of chains
The player making the last move in a chain often benefits.
In the endgame, every move matters
Calculate chain lengths carefully.
Frequently asked questions
Complete more squares than your opponent.